the 3rd avenue: O'Neil, R. (2016) "Academic Freedom," in Bastedo, M. N., Altbach, P. G., and Gumport, P. G. (Eds.) American higher education in the twenty-first century: Social, political, and Economic Challenges (4th ed.), The Johns Hopkins University Press.

2016/06/14

O'Neil, R. (2016) "Academic Freedom," in Bastedo, M. N., Altbach, P. G., and Gumport, P. G. (Eds.) American higher education in the twenty-first century: Social, political, and Economic Challenges (4th ed.), The Johns Hopkins University Press.

academic freedom; freedom of professors to teach, of students to learn. (Germany)
protecting the expression of unpopular views (US)
formal origin; 1915. declaration of principles, AAUP

1940, Statement of Principles of Academic Freedom and Tenure, AAUP & AAC.

AF fail; (1) fared without safeguards, (2) slow to respond (=不要論？)
(normal 7 year tenure-track appointment)
sanctity of physical classroom = core of AF