Slaughter, S. and Rhoades, G. (2016) "State and Markets in Higher Education," in Bastedo, M. N., Altbach, P. G., and Gumport, P. G. (Eds.) American higher education in the twenty-first century: Social, political, and Economic Challenges (4th ed.), The Johns Hopkins University Press.

• 3 federal initiatives; (1) student financial aid, (2) patent, (3) copyright
• federal government = not sole policy driver for the academic capitalism
• early 1970s, institutional aid to student aid -> make students consumers 
• voucher = force institution to provide better services a lower costs to attract students.
• -> student choose private institution than public
• -> institutions develop early decision admission policies ( to increase yield rates)
• SAT score optional -> less qualified students encouraged to apply -> only high scoring students to submit scores -> raise overall selectivity profile